Intelligent Design
Charles Darwin's theory of evolution is based on the idea of natural selection: the diversity of species on Earth can be understood as having evolved according to genetic and behavioral adaptation. Proponents of Intelligent design insist that the complexity of the natural world reveals the hand of a cosmic creator, a supernatural intellect. This argument was around well before Darwin's publication of Origin of Species in the mid-nineteenth century but has had a resurgence in recent years, and is at the center of both religious and political controversy.